Ukuchongwa kwepotassium iodideInombolo yoBhaliso yeCAS7681-11-0
Izinto eziphathekayo:
Iipropati: ikristale engenambala, eyenkqubo ye-cubic crystal.Ayinavumba, incasa ekrakra netyuwa.
Ubuninzi (g/ml 25oC): 3.13
Indawo yokunyibilikisa (OC): 681
Indawo yokubilisa (OC, uxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric): 1420
Isalathiso se-refractive (n20 / d): 1.677
Indawo edanyazayo (OC,): 1330
Uxinzelelo lomphunga (kPa, 25oC): 0.31 mm Hg
Ukunyibilika: kulula ukutyiwa kumoya omanzi.Xa ibonakaliswe ekukhanyeni nasemoyeni, iodine yasimahla inokwahlulwa kwaye ijike ibe tyheli, ekulula ukuyijika ibe tyheli kwisisombululo esinamanzi aneasidi.Inyibilika lula emanzini kwaye ifunxa ubushushu kakhulu xa inyibilikiswa.Inyibilika kwi-ethanol, i-acetone, i-methanol, i-glycerol kunye ne-hydrogen engamanzi, kwaye i-soluble kancinane kwi-ether.
Umsebenzi kunye nokusetyenziswa:
1. xa ibonakaliswe ekukhanyeni okanye ibekwe emoyeni ixesha elide, inokukhupha i-iodine yamahhala kwaye ijike ibe tyheli.Kulula ukwenza i-oxidize kwaye ijike ibe tyheli kwisisombululo esinamanzi esimuncu.
2. Ijika ibe tyheli ngokulula ngakumbi kwisisombululo esineasidi yamanzi.I-iodide ye-potassium yicosolvent ye-iodine.Xa inyibilika, yenza i-potassium triiodide kunye ne-iodine, kwaye ezi zintathu zilingana.
3. I-iodide ye-potassium yi-fortifier ye-iodine evumelekileyo yokutya, enokusetyenziswa ekutyeni kweentsana ngokwemigaqo yaseTshayina.Umthamo ngu-0.3-0.6mg / kg.Ingasetyenziselwa ityuwa yetafile.Umthamo ngu-30-70ml / kg.Njengenxalenye ye-thyroxine, i-iodine ithatha inxaxheba kwi-metabolism yazo zonke izinto kwimfuyo kunye neenkukhu kwaye igcina ibhalansi yokushisa yangaphakathi.Yihomoni ebalulekileyo ekukhuleni nasekuveliseni imfuyo kunye neenkukhu.Inokuphucula ukusebenza kokukhula kwemfuyo kunye neenkukhu kunye nokukhuthaza impilo yomzimba.Ukuba umzimba wemfuyo kunye neenkukhu unqongophele kwi-iodine, oko kuya kukhokelela ekuphazamisekeni kwe-metabolic, ukuphazamiseka komzimba, i-goiter, kuchaphazela ukusebenza kwemithambo-luvo, umbala wolusu kunye nokugaya ukutya kunye nokufunxa, kwaye ekugqibeleni kukhokelela ekukhuleni okucothayo kunye nophuhliso.
Inyibilika lula emanzini kwaye ifunxa ubushushu xa inyibilikiswa.Ukunyibilika kumanzi ayi-100g yi-127.5g (0 ℃), 144g (20 ℃), 208g (100 ℃).Kwimeko yomoya omanzi kunye necarbon dioxide, iya kubola kwaye ijike ibe tyheli.Inyibilika kwi-methanol, i-ethanol kunye ne-glycerol.Iodine inyibilika ngokulula kwisisombululo esinamanzi se potassium iodide.Iyancipha kwaye inokuthi ifakwe i-oxidizing agents ezifana ne-hypochlorite, i-nitrite kunye ne-ferric ions ukukhulula iodine yamahhala.Ibola xa ibonakaliswe ekukhanyeni, ngoko kufuneka igcinwe kwindawo evaliweyo, emnyama kunye nepholileyo.Ukongeza ekusetyenzisweni kweyeza kunye nokufota, ikwasetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokuhlalutya.
Iipropati kunye nozinzo:
1. Iodide ye-potassium isoloko isetyenziswa njenge-corrosion inhibitor ye-steel pickling okanye i-synergist yezinye i-corrosion inhibitors.I-iodide ye-potassium yimathiriyeli ekrwada yokulungiselela iodide kunye nedayi.Isetyenziswa njenge-emulsifier yezithombe, isongezo sokutya, i-expectorant kunye ne-diuretic kumayeza, iyeza lothintelo kunye nonyango lwe-goiter kunye ne-hyperthyroidism ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, kunye ne-reagent yohlalutyo.Isetyenziswa kushishino lweefoto njenge-photosensitive emulsifier, ekwasetyenziswa njengamayeza kunye nezongezo zokutya.
2. esetyenziswa njengezongezo zokutya.Iodine, njengenxalenye ye-thyroxine, ithatha inxaxheba kwi-metabolism yazo zonke izinto kwimfuyo kunye neenkukhu kwaye igcina ibhalansi yokushisa emzimbeni.Iodine yihomoni ebalulekileyo ekukhuleni, ekuveliseni nasekuncanciseni imfuyo kunye neenkukhu.Inokuphucula ukusebenza kokukhula kwemfuyo kunye neenkukhu kunye nokukhuthaza impilo yomzimba.Ukuba umzimba wemfuyo kunye neenkukhu unqongophele iodine, oko kuya kukhokelela ukuphazamiseka metabolic, ukuphazamiseka komzimba, goiter, kuchaphazela ukusebenza kwemithambo-luvo, ukwetyisa nokufunxwa idyasi umbala kunye nokutya, yaye ekugqibeleni kukhokelela ukukhula kade kunye nophuhliso.
3. ishishini lokutya lilisebenzisa njengesongezo sesondlo (i-iodine fortifier).Isenokusetyenziswa njengezongezo zokutya.
4. isetyenziswe njenge-reagent yokuhlalutya, njengokulungiselela isisombululo esisemgangathweni se-iodine njenge-reagent encedisayo.Ikwasetyenziswa njenge-photosensitive emulsifier kunye ne-feed additive.Isetyenziswa kwishishini lamachiza.
5. I-iodide ye-potassium yicosolvent ye-iodine kunye ne-iodide yentsimbi enganyibilikiyo.
6. Iodide ye-potassium ineendlela ezimbini eziphambili zokusetyenziswa kwonyango lomhlaba: okokuqala, isetyenziselwa uhlalutyo lweekhemikhali.Isebenzisa i-reducibility ephakathi yeeyoni ze-iodine kunye nezinye i-ion ze-oxidizing ukusabela ukuvelisa i-iodine elula, kwaye emva koko ibala ukuxinwa kwezinto ezivavanyiweyo ngokumisela iodine;Okwesibini, isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa ezinye iiyoni zetsimbi.Ukusetyenziswa kwayo okuqhelekileyo kufana ne-ejenti entsonkothileyo yekomityi kunye nesilivere kwi-electroplating yobhedu yealloy yesilivere.
Indlela yokwenziwa:
1. okwangoku, indlela yokunciphisa i-asidi ye-formic isetyenziswa kakhulu ukuvelisa iodide ye-potassium e-China.Oko kukuthi, i-iodide ye-potassium kunye ne-iodate ye-potassium iveliswa ngokusebenzisana kwe-iodine kunye ne-potassium hydroxide, kwaye i-iodate ye-potassium iyancitshiswa nge-asidi ye-formic okanye i-charcoal.Nangona kunjalo, iodate iveliswa kule ndlela, ngoko ke imveliso ayifanele isetyenziswe njengezongezo zokutya.I-iodide ye-potassium yebakala lokutya inokuveliswa ngendlela ye-iron filings.
Indlela yokugcina:
1. iya kugcinwa kwindawo epholileyo, enomoya kunye nemnyama.Iya kukhuselwa emvuleni naselanga ngexesha lokuhamba.
2. phatha ngononophelo ngexesha lokulayisha kunye nokukhulula.Ukungcangcazela kunye neempembelelo zithintelwe ngokungqongqo.Kwimeko yomlilo, isanti kunye nekharbon diokside izicima-mlilo zingasetyenziswa.
Idatha yeToxicology:
Ityhefu ebukhali: ld50:4000mg/kg (ulawulo lomlomo kwiimpuku);4720mg/kg (umvundla percutaneous).
Lc50:9400mg/m3, 2h (ukuphefumla impuku)
Idatha yendalo:
Inobungozi kancinci emanzini.Musa ukukhupha izinto kwindawo engqongileyo ngaphandle kwemvume karhulumente
Idatha yesakhiwo semolekyuli:
1. Isalathiso se-Molar refractive: 23.24
2. Umthamo we-Molar (m3 / mol): 123.8
3. Umthamo othile we-Isotonic (90.2k): 247.0
4. Uxinzelelo lomphezulu (dyne / cm): 15.8
5. I-Polarizability (10-24cm3): 9.21
Bala idatha yemichiza:
1. Ixabiso lokubhekisela kwi-hydrophobic parameter calculation (xlogp): 2.1
2. Inani labaxhasi be-hydrogen bond: 0
3. Inani le-hydrogen bond receptors: 6
4. Inani leebhondi zeekhemikhali ezijikelezayo: 3
5. I-Topological molecular polarity surface (TPSA): 9.2
6. Inani leathom ezinzima: 10
7. Intlawulo yomphezulu: 0
8. Ukuntsonkotha: 107
9. Inani le-athomu ze-isotope: 0
10. Qinisekisa inani lamaziko olwakhiwo lweathom: 0
11. Inani lezigxina zeathom ezingamiselwanga: 1
12. Qinisekisa inani lamaziko okudibanisa imichiza yeekhemikhali: 0
13. Inani lamaziko okudibanisa imichiza engapheliyo: 0
14. Inani leeyunithi zebhondi ye-covalent: 1
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-24-2022